Definition

to labor down, i.e. wear with toil (figuratively, harass)

Etymology

from G2596 (κατά) and a derivative of G4192 (πόνος);

Where the KJV renders it

• oppress
• vex

Every distinct English word the King James Version uses to translate this Greek term. The variety shows what readers in English receive across many different surface words — the same underlying word, scattered across the English Bible under different names.

What the first audience heard

A deep-dive treatment of this word is in the works. The featured chapter above carries the long form of what this word meant to its first audience.